John Berger. The art of seeing (№ 397478)

Oil painting made with the visible world what capital did to social relations. Everything was reduced to the commensurability of things. All became subject to the exchange, because everything became a commodity. All reality was mechanically measured on the basis of its material nature. Soul - thanks to the Cartesian system - is preserved as a separate category. Oil painting had something to speak to the soul through what she sent, but not how it is portrayed. Oil painting expressed the idea of vneshnosti.