philosophy [Theme] Page 5

Newton introduced the concepts of absolute and relative space and time. Relative space is the distance between bodies, which we can measure with the help of measuring instruments, and relative time is the time between different events, which we can measure with the help of clocks. Absolute space and time are mathematical abstractions rather than something that actually exists.

In Newton's picture of the world, nature turns out to be a huge mechanism (like a clock).

Freedom is a recognized necessity!

Don't laugh, don't cry, don't turn away, but understand!

To conquer, rather, yourself than fate, and change, rather, your desires than the world order; to believe that there is nothing that is entirely in our control, with the exception of our thoughts.

The task of the thinking man is to strengthen the power of reason over the tyranny of the senses.

Doubt is useful and necessary; it is an obligatory stage on the path to truth. You can doubt everything, but for this it is still necessary that there be someone who doubts, thinks, reflects.

There is no absolute peace in the world.

Religious truths are beyond our understanding, we just have to believe in them, so I would never dare to embrace them with my weak reasoning.

Francis Bacon was a supporter of an absolute monarchy and a strong centralized state. The people are a constant source of unrest, but the cause of the riots lies in great hunger and great discontent, and the latter is caused by ruin, want, and heavy taxes. These evils can be cured by easing duties and taxes and curbing luxury.

The errors of the human mind are rooted in man's desire to view nature by analogy with himself, and are inherent in all people. Misconceptions arise individually for each person due to the specific conditions of upbringing: at the same time, each person, as it were, looks at the world from his own cave. Misconceptions also arise from blind faith in authority.

During the Enlightenment, belief in the limitless power of human reason and science was established. It seemed that the application of human reason and scientific methodology to all spheres of existence would make it possible to understand all the secrets of nature and reorganize social life on a reasonable and natural basis. An attempt to reorganize social life in a rational way based on educational slogans Freedom.

Tommaso Campanella was repeatedly accused of heresy and spent 27 years in prison. Wrote CITY in prison

In 1515, Thomas More published the treatise UTOPIA, which depicts an ideal society. There, all people are equal, there is no private or even personal property, not only production, but also everyday life is socialized. Labor is the responsibility of all citizens; assignment to work is made depending on the needs of society and the abilities of citizens. The working day lasts six hours. The most difficult and unpleasant work is performed by criminals who have the status of slaves. Consumer goods are distributed among citizens according to need; there is no money in Utopia. There is material abundance in society.